Risk of coronary artery disease in intermediate hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes defined by 1-hour post-load glucose levels according to the new IDF criteria

Aims: To investigate whether subjects with intermediate hyperglycemia (IH) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), defined according International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria based on 1-hour post-load glucose (1hPG), have an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Presence of CAD was evaluated in 3362 adults classified according to IDF recommendation as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose, IH, and T2D. Results: Prevalence of CAD was higher among individuals with IH and T2D than NGT group. In a logistic regression analysis adjusted for several cardiovascular risk factors individuals with IH and T2D had 2.52-fold and 2.05-fold higher odds of having CAD compared to NGT group. Subdividing subjects with IH based on 1hPG and 2hPG, we found that subjects with isolated 1hPG 155-208 mg/dL and those with 2hPG 140-199 mg/dL displayed a 2.8- and 2.21-fold increased odds of CAD as compared to the NGT group. Subjects with T2D, defined by isolated 1hPG ≥ 209 mg/dL or 2hPG ≥ 200 mg/dL, had higher odds of CAD (OR: 2.0 and 2.28, respectively) compared to NGT group. Conclusions: The IDF-recommended 1hPG criterion for defining IH and T2D identifies subjects with an increased odds of CAD, independent of other cardiovascular risk factors.