Rationale: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) are generalized epileptic syndromes presenting in the same age range. To explore whether uneven network dysfunctions may underlie the two different phenotypes, we examined drug-naive patients with JME and JAE at the time of their earliest presentation. Methods: Patients were recruited based on typical JME (n = 23) or JAE (n = 18) presentation and compared with 16 age-matched healthy subjects (HS). We analyzed their awake EEG signals by Partial Directed Coherence and graph indexes. Results: Out-density and betweenness centrality values were different between groups. With respect to both JAE and HS, JME showed unbalanced out-density and out-strength in alpha and beta bands on central regions and reduced alpha out-strength from fronto-polar to occipital regions, correlating with photosensitivity. With respect to HS, JAE showed enhanced alpha out-density and out-strength on fronto-polar regions. In gamma band, JAE showed reduced Global/Local Efficiency and Clustering Coefficient with respect to HS, while JME showed more scattered values. Conclusions: Our data suggest that regional network changes in alpha and beta bands underlie the different presentation distinguishing JME and JAE resulting in motor vs non-motor seizures characterizing these two syndromes. Conversely, impaired gamma-activity within the network seems to be a non-local marker of defective inhibition.

Different circuitry dysfunction in drug-naive patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and juvenile absence epilepsy

Ferlazzo E.
Conceptualization
;
Gasparini S.
Conceptualization
;
Aguglia U.
Writing – Review & Editing
;
2021-01-01

Abstract

Rationale: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) are generalized epileptic syndromes presenting in the same age range. To explore whether uneven network dysfunctions may underlie the two different phenotypes, we examined drug-naive patients with JME and JAE at the time of their earliest presentation. Methods: Patients were recruited based on typical JME (n = 23) or JAE (n = 18) presentation and compared with 16 age-matched healthy subjects (HS). We analyzed their awake EEG signals by Partial Directed Coherence and graph indexes. Results: Out-density and betweenness centrality values were different between groups. With respect to both JAE and HS, JME showed unbalanced out-density and out-strength in alpha and beta bands on central regions and reduced alpha out-strength from fronto-polar to occipital regions, correlating with photosensitivity. With respect to HS, JAE showed enhanced alpha out-density and out-strength on fronto-polar regions. In gamma band, JAE showed reduced Global/Local Efficiency and Clustering Coefficient with respect to HS, while JME showed more scattered values. Conclusions: Our data suggest that regional network changes in alpha and beta bands underlie the different presentation distinguishing JME and JAE resulting in motor vs non-motor seizures characterizing these two syndromes. Conversely, impaired gamma-activity within the network seems to be a non-local marker of defective inhibition.
2021
Connectivity indexes
EEG
Juvenile absence epilepsy
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Network
Electroencephalography
Humans
Occipital Lobe
Seizures
Epilepsy, Absence
Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile
Pharmaceutical Preparations
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12317/74935
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