The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on the elderly, with age being a significant risk factor for severe disease and mortality. While respiratory complications are the primary manifestations of COVID-19, other factors contribute to its severity in older adults. Immunosenescence, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and the presence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular conditions increase susceptibility to infections and adverse outcomes. Additionally, the social environment, including residence in long-term care facilities, influences infection risk. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent among the elderly and contribute to frailty and poorer clinical outcomes. The early detection of nutritional deficits and targeted interventions, including adequate protein intake and micronutrient supplementation, could mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19 complications. A comprehensive approach involving active monitoring, nutritional assessments, and tailored dietary strategies is essential for improving outcomes in elderly patients. Future research should establish standardized protocols to better address the impact of aging and nutrition on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
COVID-19 and elderly: beyond the respiratory drama
Sciacqua, Angela;Pujia, Roberta;Arturi, Franco;Hribal, Marta L;Montalcini, Tiziana
2020-01-01
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on the elderly, with age being a significant risk factor for severe disease and mortality. While respiratory complications are the primary manifestations of COVID-19, other factors contribute to its severity in older adults. Immunosenescence, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and the presence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular conditions increase susceptibility to infections and adverse outcomes. Additionally, the social environment, including residence in long-term care facilities, influences infection risk. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent among the elderly and contribute to frailty and poorer clinical outcomes. The early detection of nutritional deficits and targeted interventions, including adequate protein intake and micronutrient supplementation, could mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19 complications. A comprehensive approach involving active monitoring, nutritional assessments, and tailored dietary strategies is essential for improving outcomes in elderly patients. Future research should establish standardized protocols to better address the impact of aging and nutrition on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
